深入探讨7S26机芯（已译中文）

littlekan23

在之前转载JACK FORSTER的帖子《The Seiko SKX007 Diver's Watch》里面提到了另外一篇深入探讨7S26自动机芯的专业帖子，虽然是低端的机芯，但作者仍然一丝不苟的深入观察，给出比较客观的描述，图文并茂，顺便搬过来给大伙看看，希望能让有兴趣的表友带来一点收获。


感谢三位论坛大哥的精彩翻译：cestdon&不下水的潜水表&雷米爾心



原文：The Seiko Diver's 200 Meter SKX779

The Seiko Diver's 200 Meter SKX779

Featuring the 7S26 Automatic Movement

基于7S26自动上链机芯的精工200米潜水表SKX779

Appended 1-1-2003

by John Davis (ei8htohms)





IntroductionWatches are machines. While some of them may also be works of art, they cannot escape their machineness. There is undoubtedly something fascinating about those examples of the watchmaker's craft, but there is also something to be learned from the droves of micro-machines that are designed and constructed with only performance and economy in mind. There is craft involved in the ability to engineer a movement for production runs in the tens of thousands that is wholly other than the craft involved in manufacturing a movement by hand. It is a skill that I respect and admire, while having even less understanding of its intricacies than I do of traditional watchmaking skills. Being a fan of Seiko's watches though, I won't let my ignorance get in the way of taking apart the 7S26 in an attempt to discover its hows and guess at its whys.
The 7S26 automatic movement is a logical step in Seiko's entry level mechanical movement line. Replacing the 7002 in their popular Diver's watches, it incorporates quickset day and date displays (the 7002 was date only), automatic bi-directional winding via Seiko's patented Magic Lever system and the lack of manual winding capability that has become a signature of sorts in entry level automatics from Asia. The watch I will be dismantling for this exercise is the SKX779, a 200 Meter Diver's watch sold (exclusively?) in New Zealand and Australia.
简介
    腕表是一种机械，更是一门艺术，然而它们的机械属性本色不变。毫无疑问钟表匠的手艺造出了很多迷人炫目的玩意；另外有些人，为了提升腕表实用性能的同时死扣成本而殚精竭虑，这样的同志同样让人肃然起敬。相比手工，机器设备量产成千上万的机芯同样需要相当的工艺能力。这种技巧让我心存敬意，对于从事传统钟表的我来说，对于相关细节，缺乏了解。作为一个精工表迷，下面来拆解一只7s26一探究竟。

    7s26自动机芯是精工的入门级机芯。取代7002用在精工一些颇受欢迎的潜水表上，它采用双历显示，通过精工的专利魔术杠杆系统自动双向上链，但缺乏手动上链的功能，这也成为亚洲入门级自动机芯的一个特点。这次拆开倒腾的是SKX779,一款名为怪兽Monster的200米潜水表，在新西兰和澳洲有售。


The Case, Dial and Hands
The SKX779 is a large watch. Its case is 41.5 millimeters across without the crown and approximately 12.5 millimeters thick including the domed crystal. It has a very pronounced, scalloped bezel with circular graining that is protected by an equally pronounced bezel-guard that extends upwards from the lugs. While there are those that rightly question the functionality of this design (arguing that sand and dirt get into the space between them and cause the bezel to jam), it is undeniably this curious feature that attracted me to this watch. The bezel guard extends into the crown guard thanks to the location of the crown at the 4 o'clock position. This crown position is more comfortable for such a large watch and is a bit of a trademark with Seiko Diver's through the decades.

表壳，盘面和指针
    Skx779是只大表，不带把表径41.5mm，含表镜厚度接近12.5mm。潜水刻度圈造型非常夸张，周围有齿以及扇形凹槽，呈圆形拉丝，周围有护肩。然而有些人则吐槽这种设计，说是沙子和泥巴会塞到刻度圈和护肩中间的间隙导致外圈转动不灵活。哈哈，真是奇葩！正是这种奇葩特性吸引了我。护肩一直延伸到四点位的把头位置，这样的一只巨大的腕表，4点位把头体验更舒适，这也是过去的几十年精工的潜水款把头的惯用位置。
The dial of the SKX779 has an upward curving minutes chapter that gives it a wonderful depth. This effect is further enhanced by the domed crystal, which lamentably protrudes just slightly beyond the bezel (making it susceptible to scratches). A domed crystal is advantageous on a diver's watch as flat crystals can sometimes have a mirror effect under water.
       怪兽的字面小刻度有一个向上的卷曲，字面之视觉深度更深，而采用半球面镜面进一步增强了这种效果，外圈边缘微微高出表镜，这是为了避免刮伤表镜。平面镜面在水下更容易出现镜面反射的情况，半球面镜面在这点上有优势，使得潜水员更容易的读取腕表。

Each of the three hands has a slightly different interpretation of a rocket-ship shape and when the hour and minute hand line up, the resemblance is pronounced. They are painted with an ecru color that matches the hour markers and both are filled with Lumibrite (Seiko's proprietary version of Super-Luminova) and, especially when brand new, glow as brightly as any watch I've seen. I'm always disappointed when watch companies use white day and date rings on a black dial and this is one of the few complaints I have about the classic Seiko Diver's. The color scheme of this watch's dial gets big points from me for the use of black rings with white letters/numbers. Taken altogether, the shape of the hands and case and the depth of the dial through the domed crystal have a vaguely ray-gun gothic effect that I find very appealing.
The strongest feature of this version of the Seiko Diver is the bracelet and clasp [1]. The solid link, brushed steel bracelet with polished accents is incredibly sturdy and well designed. It is heavy enough to balance the hefty case well on the wrist and has a wonderfully secure, two-button folding clasp with safety and a wet-suit extension. In addition to providing the peace-of-mind that this bracelet and clasp will in all likelihood never come off of your wrist accidentally (either by breaking or coming unhooked), it has the flexibility to be extended sufficiently to wear over a wetsuit at a moments notice. The links are held together by solid pins with sleeves that are a little tricky to remove and replace but not unduly so. Attaching this wonderful bracelet to the case are the two largest spring bars I've ever seen.

        三针看起来就是相似却又不同的火箭飞船的形状，当三针重叠的时候，你看是不是？他们都涂以跟夜光（精工专利超级夜光）相同的颜色，这夜光，十分明亮，不比别的表差！
    每当我苦逼的看着那些个别的公司产的黑色字面配白色日期和日期框的时候，心里除了失望还是失望，而看着这款经典的怪兽，心里异常满足-黑色的字面，黑色的星期，黑色的日期，oh yeah！黑色的内置刻度圈，白色的字母数字这样的整体字面颜色搭配让人十分舒坦，大加称赞。
    总之，三针之造型，字面之视觉深度效果，半球镜面的半隐半现射哥特式效果--深得我心。

    表带和表链十分具有特性，链接粗壮，表面拉丝抛光，手感坚固，设计到位。表链重量惊人，以期跟粗重的表壳达成平衡，配合带保险的双按扣和潜水延长扣，整体给人极好的安全感，即使遭到破坏或者按扣被解，在各种情况下，手表也不会脱离你的手腕的。这款表带总体长度足够你戴在潜水服外面，毫不费劲。表节之间是靠表栓连接，一头带有套筒，拆卸的时候要注意别弄掉了，当然最好的是别常去搞他。连接表带和表壳之间的是我见过的最大号的表耳了。


In addition to water-tightness, the ability to withstand abuse is a highly desirable feature for a utility watch of this nature. The Seiko Diver has several features that contribute significantly in this regard and a few of them are visible upon removing the solid steel back. The 7S26 uses Seiko's patented Diashock shock protection [3] on the balance pivots, has a soft, plastic spacer ring [4] closely integrated with the movement and a relatively low mass rotor [5] that is unlikely to bend or break even with very severe shocks. The plastic spacer ring, combined with the sheer massiveness of the case, provides a great deal of additional shock resistance and is a more economical solution than a metal spacer ring as well. This combination of economic and sensible engineering is a trend that persists in almost every facet of the design of the 7S26 movement.
    对于一款实用表来说，大家迫切的希望它防水又耐操，精工水鬼在这方面有几大招式，且随我开盖一看。7s26机芯采用精工的diashock避震系统（早期的7s26是diashock，现款是长条卫生巾避震啊！），周围紧贴的是柔软的，黑色塑料固机圈，相比金属固机圈，塑料圈降低了整体重量，且不易折易断，而且便宜。这种经济而又实用的理念贯穿整个7s26机芯的设计，体现在许多方面。

Under the Dial
While there is often much disdain amongst watch enthusiasts for plastic components in mechanical wristwatches, I propose that there are instances where it is acceptable and possibly even preferable. One particular area in which plastic is a perfectly logical solution is the calendar mechanism. These are parts that rotate at very slow speeds (or sometimes intermittently) and with very little torque for the majority of their rotation. This combination of features makes them controversial with regards to lubrication. While lubricating them significantly will increase the drag on the movement and possibly ultimately stop the watch, leaving them sparsely lubricated or dry will ultimately result in wear. Plastic is an ideal solution for these components because it is light and self-lubricating. I won't pretend that Seiko's primary concern here is not one of economics, but it is combined with intelligent engineering as well.
拆开字面：
     大多表迷特别反感在机械表里面看到塑料部件，我提议，先不慌下结论，因为在某些地方他们是可以接受的，甚至是完美的。一个地方是日历星期部分，这部分部件运转速度非常慢，或者是间断的偶尔才动一动，力矩特别小。所以对于这部分到底如何加油润滑历来争议不断。
润滑充分的话会加大机芯运行阻力甚至导致偷停，润滑不够的话最终会导致过度磨损。塑料部件则比较理想的解决这些问题，它重量轻而且有自润滑作用。不可否认精工最开始的目的是省钱，但是你要看到其中闪耀的智慧光芒好伐。

The plastic parts in question are the quickset wheels, the intermediate calendar wheel and the calendar advance wheel [left]. The calendar advance wheel [8] has two plastic fingers to advance the date and day disks that will easily slip out of the way if the quickset is activated while the calendar is advancing. The calendar mechanism is secured under a very thin but nicely polished metal plate that is held in place with three standard screws and one Phillips head [7]. The presence of this one tiny Phillips screw in the movement is something of a mystery and along with the molded plastic and thin metal plates lends the bottom plate the appearance of a very well made calculator.
The first wheel in the quickset mechanism [9] is permanently attached to the underside of the calendar plate. It's only after removing this thin plate that the date ring can be removed and, subsequently, the spacer ring. Such close integration of the spacer ring with the rest of the movement is unique in my experience and sharply contrasts with the usual method of securing the spacer ring to the case. This novel arrangement conceivably contributes to the shock resistance by separating the movement and ring, as one unit, from the case.
    塑料件有日历拨轮，日历过轮和日历驱动轮。日历驱动轮有2个指状小突起，在驱动日历星期轮的时候如果使用了快拨功能，则能快速划过而降低损害。日历星期上的固定盖板是一款薄的光铁片，上有4颗螺丝固定，其中一颗是十字螺丝。这颗小的十字螺丝的出现就像是一个谜一样，个人猜测是这里如果用其他3颗一样的螺丝，底部没有空间，向上也没有空间，否则会顶住星期盘，而这颗小的十字螺丝足够细，头部很平，占地很微弱。    快拨第一轮是铆在日历盖板的反面，拆掉卡簧拿下星期盘，接着拆掉固机圈，这个固机圈跟机芯贴的那么紧，快拨结构如此紧凑，跟见过的机芯相差太大，实属罕见；这种新奇的安排大大的将各部件跟机芯跟固机圈连体，增强了避震效果。   拿走日历盘可以看到离合轮和立轮怪异造型的轮齿，由于拨针系统很多部件在主甲板另外一面，这里视野不错，看的比较清楚。没有手动上链功能，也有没有相关齿轮，在相关位置取而代之的是快拨立轮。当把杆拉开一档，它的方齿跟离合轮咬合，顺时针转动把杆，快拨第二轮（那两个白色塑料轮中普通轮齿的那个）滑向日历盘，并与之齿轮咬合，转动，日立盘随之跳动；逆时针转动把杆，快拨第二轮滑向快拨第三轮（另外一只带狼牙齿的那个白色塑料齿轮），咬合并驱动星期盘跳动。这是一种功能强大的快拨装置，加上日历星期整个部分，大多是塑料部件，并不需要润滑。再拿开下面另外一片薄盖板就可以看到主甲板了。
After removing the calendar plate we can also observe the oddly shaped teeth of the clutch and quickset pinion [10], all the more visible because of the utter lack of keyless works on the bottom plate. Because there is no winding pinion (no manual winding capability), in its place is a quickset pinion. The square teeth of this pinion mesh with identical teeth on the clutch when the stem is in the second position and allow the quickset pinion to turn in either direction: clockwise to advance the date and counterclockwise to advance the day indicator. The second quickset intermediate wheel (the white plastic wheel with traditional teeth) then slides into engagement with either the date ring or the third intermediate wheel (with the wolf teeth) which advances the day disk. This is a very functional and robust quickset and calendar mechanism and, being largely made of plastic components, requires no lubrication. Another thin plate holds the intermediate calendar wheel, c! alendar advance wheel and hour wheel in place and after removing them we can contemplate the top plate of the movement.
The Automatic System
One of my favorite features of Seiko automatics is the Magic Lever winding system. Earlier versions of this winding system involved only three moving parts: the rotor, the Magic Lever and the pawl wheel. Current implementations use one extra wheel for a total of four moving parts. This simplicity of design adds to its robustness while maintaining a high level of functionality. Along with the lack of manual winding, it makes the 7S26 one of the simplest automatics around. The basic functioning of the Magic Lever system can be understood from these diagrams [11,12] from a Seiko Credor catalog. The coupling between the lever and the intermediate wheel functions on the same principle as a locomotive (or a choo-choo as shown in the diagram). The two arms of the Magic Lever [13] then drive the pawl wheel. They alternately pull and push the pawl wheel in the counterclockwise direction as the intermediate wheel rotates in conjunction with the rotor. The intermediate whee! l and pawl lever cannot be removed until the � bridge is removed as the intermediate wheel is held onto the bridge with a semi-circular clip on the underside of the bridge [14].
For the sake of comparison, an ETA 2892 winds the mainspring arbor one rotation with 155 turns of the rotor. The current implementation of the Magic Lever winds the mainspring arbor one rotation for 166 turns of the rotor. Another factor to consider when contemplating automatic system efficiency is the dead angle. The dead angle is the angle of back and forth movements that the rotor can experience without any winding energy being transmitted to the barrel. The dead angle of the Magic Lever is slightly larger than in the 2892 (by five degrees or so) although I haven't precisely calculated either. There are many other subtle factors that effect the efficiency of an automatic system but I feel safe in assuming that Seiko's system is slightly less efficient than ETA's (at least the 2892, which differs from the 2824 and 7750). ETA's automatic systems are remarkably more complex and expensive to manufacture though and I've yet to hear of a Seiko automatic that does not w! ind sufficiently in use. It is not at all uncommon to find some wear around the lever arms and intermediate wheel coupling in older versions of the Magic Lever system. This example showed some wear [15] underneath the pawl wheel. This amount of wear is fairly significant for a watch that is less than two years old. On the whole, the automatic system is a triumph of simplicity that comes with some apparent sacrifices to longevity as well as efficiency.
上链系统
    我最喜欢的精工的一个地方就是魔术杆上链系统了。早期版本就包含三个部件：自动舵，魔术杆（Pawl lever），棘轮。现代版本多了一个轮，一共四个轮，使得保持性能的同时，更加坚固。因为没有手动上链，这使得7s26是最为简洁的自动上链机芯。图11，12摘自精工贵朵目录册，可以从中一窥魔术杆上链系统的原理。魔术杆跟棘轮的连接关系跟蒸汽火车连接杆跟车轮的关系类似（如图啪啪所示），魔术杆的两臂于是就这样那样的驱动了棘轮。当第一减速轮（有孔的那个）跟自动舵连接，转动后，魔术杆两臂交替推拉使得棘轮始终逆时针转动13。第一减速轮是由轮夹板的另外一面的卡簧固定的，要拆下轮夹板后才能卸下第一减速轮和魔术杆14。相比较而言，2892机芯自动舵转动155圈满链，7s26则是166圈满链。评价自动上链效率的另外一个制表是死角。死角的意思在某个角度自动舵来回晃动而无法有效上链。这套系统上链死角仅仅比2892大5度左右。有很多方面的因素影响上链效率，这里我保守的认为7s26的上链效率比2892略低。eta的上链系统复杂得多，造价更贵，也没有听过精工的上链不足的消息。从精工旧版的上链系统看，魔术杆鸡爪和棘轮的磨轮并不明显，图15所示为棘轮下面的一些磨损情况。对于一只2年不到的表头来说，这样的磨损是明显了些。整体来说，这套自动上链系统简单实用，同时牺牲了部分寿命和效率。

The Power TrainUpon removing the � bridge, we can get at the barrel, the power train and the oddly placed keyless works [left]. It is quite rare to see keyless works on the bridge side of the movement and is facilitated in this case by the absence of manual winding capability. By placing the clutch lever, set lever and detent where the crown wheel would usually be, the space on the dial side can be used for the quickset mechanism alone. This allows all of these components to be quite a bit beefier than they would be otherwise. The increased size of these levers and wheels adds to their robustness as well as their ease of manufacture, owing to the looser tolerances required. The set lever has a three-position detent and pivots on a post, rather than a screw. It's tail end serves as a push-button to release the stem from the movement and can only be operated when the stem is in the neutral (1st) position. Most keyless arrangements have one position in which it is most convenient to! replace the stem, it is nice that the 7S26 dictates this by only allowing the stem to be removed in one position. The set lever acts as its own return spring by way of its extended tail. This does away with the need for a wire spring, none of which are found in the 7S26.
    拆掉夹板可以看到发条，轮系还有奇妙的拨针系。很少在主甲板的这一侧看到拨针系，当然这个要得益于改机芯没有手动上链功能。在字面侧原本放置离合杆，拉档，止秒的部位现在可以单独放置快拨相关部件。这样相关这些部件可以做得比原来的更粗壮结实。这些杆啊轮啊就可以做得更大尺寸，更耐操了，加工精度要求降低，制造也变得简便。拉档有三个档位，只有在拉档处于最里的位置时，才可以可以看到拉档尾部的凹槽，按压后就可以从机芯上拔出把杆了。7s26这种体位只会拔出把杆，非常好，离合杆尾巴比较长，有弹性功能，能自己归位，并不需要额外的弹簧。
The click [16] on the 7S26 is also remarkably simple. It consists of a long steel spring held in place by sheer geometry, without the use of screws. It lies under the click wheel and is held in place by a brass pin on one side, a raised portion of the mainplate on the other and the � plate bridge on top. The barrel [17] is circular grained on the top and bottom and is replaceable as a whole unit. Although it is possible to open the barrel, it is not designed with this in mind. These pictures [18,19] are of a faulty barrel my friend Randall Bensen encountered. Inside we can see the insufficiently applied black graphite-laden grease [18]. He replaced it with a whole new barrel (an appropriate precaution given the permanently sealed nature of these barrels) and proceeded to open up the bad one. After he took the mainspring out and cleaned it, we can see that the inner surfaces of the barrel are unfinished [19]. While this will undeniably effect the consistency of the ! power flow from the mainspring, a host of other refinements throughout the train and escapement would be necessary before evidence of this effect could be noticed.
    止逆非常简单，图16，是一根常常的钢弹簧，光棍的很，根本就没有用螺丝固定。位于大钢轮下方，上有凸起插进轮夹板的孔，下有凸起插进主甲板，外侧有铜销顶住。这里条盒是一体设计，其实还是能拆开的。图18，19所示就是我的朋友本森拆的条盒。18可以看到干枯的油脂，考虑到条盒的密封性，他换了个全新的条盒，把坏的那个拆掉了。在他拆掉发条并清洗过后，我们可以看到条盒的内壁并没有精工处理 图19.毫无疑问，这会影响条盒的动力输出。
The power train of the 7S26 is a direct-seconds layout of the simplest configuration [right]. Quite remarkable for a low-cost movement such as this, are the Diafix cap jewels on the third wheel and escape wheel [20]. These jewels bring the total number to 21, quite sufficient for an automatic watch, especially with only two jewels in the automatic system (for the intermediate wheel). The power train wheels are crudely finished and appear to be made of nickel. This is the first time I've seen nickel train wheels. Traditionally, train wheels are made of brass because it is relatively strong, cheap, easily machined and wears well in contact with steel. Nickel has these same features while being slightly stronger and more difficult to machine. It's use for train wheels does not seem to be dictated by cost so I can only surmise that its greater strength is desired.
All of the train wheels have properly shaped teeth although their faces are not well polished with the exception of the escape wheel. The center wheel [22] is actually a solid disk, having no spokes or even holes drilled through it (as do some train wheels in earlier movements). While this is not ideal from the standpoint of inertia, the second wheel is the slowest moving of the four train wheels, making its inertia the least critical. Disconcertingly, the lower pivot on the third wheel was completely flooded with oil [21]. There was so much oil present that it had contaminated the teeth of the center wheel [22] and would have resulted in serious wear issues, over time capturing the inevitable micro-metallic dust and turning it into an abrasive paste. Apparently one of Seiko's robots was asleep at the wheel when applying lubrication to this pivot.7s26的動力傳動架構是最簡單的配置, 直接/置中秒輪佈局.
在如此低成本來說是非常不錯, 而且第三和擒縱輪(第四)都用上了Diafix避震.
寶石承軸數目得到了21個, 已經是相對足夠, 尤其有兩個是在自動上弦, 用在了中間輪(或是叫 棘輪?)
動力傳動輪系是比較粗糙, 而且好像使用了鎳製.
是筆者第一次看到鎳製的. 傳統來說, 是由於便宜的黃銅, 因為黃銅相對鋼來說比較強, 容易加工兼且比更耐磨 而且便宜.
而鎳除了有著同樣的性質外, 還要比黃銅更強一點, 但是更難加工.
筆者理解下, 這個選擇和成本沒有大關係, 只能假設是為了需要更結實的輪系而考慮.
所有輪系, 取了擒縱輪外都沒拋光, 但是結構全部都正確無誤.
中心輪其實是一塊實心金屬碟, 沒有鏤空支架或是鑽孔(有的有這樣的加工, 例如別的齒輪).
雖然不是最理想, 但是第二輪是四個輪係中最慢的, 使得其沒那麼重要.
但是, 第三輪的承軸完全被潤滑油浸泡了, 讓人感到憂慮.
那些多餘的油已經污染了置中輪(第三輪?), 而且可能隨著時間增進, 下會導致嚴重的磨損, 產生金屬微塵更易磨損內部零件.
看來 , 精工的一個上油機器人可能在為這個承續上油時睡著了.


The Escapement擒纵机构

The escape wheel teeth [23], while appropriately polished, are not beveled at all, leaving a rather wide face to impulse the pallet jewels. This means more friction and less power. One possible reason for these wide impulse surfaces is to prolong the life of the pallet stones. The wide faces of the escape wheel teeth are less likely to groove the pallet stones even after years of use. Seiko escapements also seem to have an unusually large locking depth (the extent to which the pallet jewels lock the escape wheel teeth). In all likelihood this is a concession to looser tolerances in the manufacturing process and in my experience often results in a lower balance amplitude.
The pallet bridge [24] is nicely shaped and supports a very homely pallet lever [25]. The topside of the pallet appears to have had its insides scooped out and is utterly unfinished. Interestingly, the underside of the pallet fork is fairly well polished, contrasting with the Swiss tendency to finish the top of the pallet fork and not the bottom. At least I can say they weren't trying to hide anything. I can only guess that the weird, semi-hollow form of the pallet fork is an attempt to make the pallet fork lighter, something that is highly desirable in this critical component.
擒縱輪的齒, 雖然有適當的打磨, 但是缺乏一個斜角, 留下一個很大的面積來承受馬叉的寶石叉運動.
這個會帶來更多的摩擦, 增加動力消耗.
一個可能的原因是, 這樣能增加馬叉的寶石壽命.
一個寬闊的面積, 能夠降低多年後, 擒縱輪的齒會磨進去馬叉寶石的可能性.
精工的擒縱輪有一個非常大的齒鎖定深度(馬叉寶石和擒縱輪的齒運動)
筆者認為, 在所有可能性中, 這個應是生產過程中有著相對低精密度的問題, 後果就是較低的擺幅...

馬叉甲板 有著很好的形狀, 而且很好的固定了馬叉.
有趣的是, 馬叉上層是取了有著鏤空結構外, 完全沒打磨; 但是, 低層是很好的打磨了
而瑞士的加工方法剛好相反, 就是上層有打磨, 下層沒有.
筆者說, 只能老實的說, 他們沒有嘗試隱瞞什麼東西.
而且只能猜測這個半鏤空馬叉是嘗試減輕重量, 在這種關鍵核心零件是非常有用的.
The balance itself [27] has two arms and is of unknown composition. If I had to guess, I'd say it was made of a nickel alloy and the hairspring is made of some form of elinvar. It is not as critical for the balance to be made of a material that is stable over different temperatures as the hairspring, but without a variant of elinvar for the hairspring, it would be impossible for the movement to perform well in daily use. The hairspring is flat and is attached to the collet [28] in a manner that avoids the problems inherent in traditional pinning methods. A pinned hairspring has its elasticity compromised in close proximity to the pinning point as the spring's cross-section curves around the pin. In addition, the hairspring must be bent profoundly from its even, concentric spiral shape to where it enters the collet. Seiko's arrangement does away with both of these problems as the inner coil of the hairspring is crimped in a groove in the collet without disturbing its! shape. The outer coil of the hairspring is similarly crimped in a slot in the stud [29]. Although this is a perfectly functional solution, it negates the possibility of altering the length of the hairspring in the future, resulting in a balance that is effectively disposable.
擺輪有兩根支架, 使用不明合金. 筆者猜測應該是某種鎳合金, 遊絲應該是用上了某種鎳鋼合金 (elinvar - 一種低重量 高彈性 和 低溫差+磁性反應的合金  譯者加插: 一種在1933年研發的合金 大約成分為: 45%鈷 20%鎳 20%鉻 5%鐵 和少量鈦 + 鈹 來源:http://www.rolexforums.com/showthread.php?t=130539)
擺輪和遊絲相對不是關鍵, 尤其擺輪不像遊絲那麼需要由溫度穩定的金屬製成.
但是, 若果沒有一種 enlivar 合金遊絲, 將會是不可能日常使用.
遊絲是平整的, 用一種和傳統手法不同的方法 連著內樁, 很好的避免了傳統的問題
遊絲的內環通常是高彈性, 尤其 越接近內樁. 加上遊絲必須被屈曲來鏈接內樁.
精工的這個設計很好的避免了這兩個問題, 而沒有干擾遊絲的結構.
因為, 遊絲內樁固定在一個凹槽, 外樁用著類同的方式固定在遊絲上.
雖然這個設計有很好的功能, 但是取捨了將來對遊絲整體長短的修改, 構成了一個一次性的方案.

The regulator uses a buckle [30] (as opposed to simple pins) to keep the hairspring from slipping out when subjected to shocks. Like all of the components of the movement, it is crudely made but well designed and functional. A watch is said to be "in beat" if the tick and the tock are equally distributed around the resting position of the balance and this is controlled by either rotating the hairspring collet on the balance staff or changing the position of the stud. For ease of beat adjustment, the balance cock of the 7S26 features a movable stud carrier that I fault only for being a little too large. Its excessive, unbalanced weight can cause it to shift during shipping or when dropped, resulting in a significant rate change as well as throwing the escapement out of beat. If the escapement goes too far out of beat, its ability to self-start after running down will be hampered in addition to positional performance problems.
微調用上了一個比較笨重的 (而非簡單的微調外樁釘) 用來保護遊絲免得在震盪下移位.
就像這個機芯其他的所有零件, 是粗糙的製作, 但是有著良好的設計和性能.
一個手錶是通過滴答的接拍來運行, 在一個靜止的位置, 接拍的節奏是平衡的, 那麼它就在"接拍"(不知道怎麼譯). 調節方式就是通過轉動外樁支架, 或者改變外樁位置.
一個簡單的接拍調節, 擺輪橋有一個好動的外樁支架, 筆者覺得有點過大.
筆者認為是過分的, 會增加不平衡的重量, 導致有可能在運輸或被摔了後, 擺頻產生嚴重的偏差.
如果擺頻接拍嚴重偏移, 會造成"擊擺", 兼且降低衝擊後自行運作的可能性, 並且增加了位差.


Conclusion总结

There are many positive things I can say about this movement, but the most relevant is that it is exceedingly honest, almost to a fault. It is an economic design and construction that is created for maximum performance and robustness at minimal cost. It has no pretenses of decoration or "fineness". In fact, it uses this very freedom from tradition to incorporate engineering solutions that would otherwise be shunned, like the plastic calendar wheels and spacer ring. It is heartily true unto itself as a low cost, low maintenance, long lasting and well functioning automatic movement. It is not pretty and it is not glamorous. It is in all likelihood untouched by human hands in its manufacture. There is, however, significant accomplishment in its conception and implementation. Without the Seiko 7S26 and comparable movements from Miyota (Citizen), Orient, and Swatch, many people would not be able to experience the joy of owning a mechanical watch at all.
Given the reliability and robustness of the 7S26 movement, the quality of execution and general massiveness of the SKX779's bracelet and case, and it's striking looks, this is a lot of watch for the money. I would not hesitate to recommend it to someone interested in a watch that will perform well under any circumstances (ok, maybe not with a tux) while requiring no special attention. I will not be shocked in the least if this watch runs for twenty years without service (maybe fifteen now that I've replaced the Seiko lubricants with Moebius greases and oils) and fully expect to read extreme stories in the future regarding 7S26 based Seiko Diver's. It is a fitting addition to the illustrious Seiko Diver line.
筆者認為這個機芯有很多正面的值得提及, 但是最重要的是, 這個是一個誠實得過份, 簡直像是出了問題的.
用著經濟的設計和生產方式, 在最低成本下, 製作出最大效率和最結實的.
沒有假扮有著任何裝飾, 或是 "細緻性".
實際上, 用著一種在傳統以外的自由而製作出來的一個機械方案
否則, 就不會有像是塑膠日曆輪系, 或是塑膠固機環 這些.
這是一顆發至內心的低成本, 低維修需求, 持久的, 性能良好的自動機芯
它絕不好看, 更沒有魅力
它在所有可能性來說, 在生產過程絕無人手接觸.
但是, 這個機芯的理念和生產, 是一個顯著的成就.
如果沒有精工的  7s26或同類美沃達(西鐵城), 雙獅 和 swatch 的機芯, 很多人將無法享受擁有機械錶的樂趣.

這個 7s26機芯是可靠和結實的, 再加上整體大機殼和錶帶的質量, 再加上引人注目的外觀, 這個skx 779 是很有價值.
筆者會絕不猶疑的, 把這個全天候通用(好吧, 除了禮服)又無需額外照顧的手錶推介給需要的人.
筆者說 若這個手錶在往後二十年也不需要洗油, 他不會感到震驚(可能是十五尤其現在他用了moebius 潤滑, 而不是精工潤滑)
兼且, 他將來絕對會閱讀更多7s26機芯的精工潛水錶.
這skx 779是很合適的代表了, 精工著名的潛水錶系列.
_john
Addendum附录
In commenting on the wear I found in the automatic system, I believe I over-emphasized its significance and the likeliness of long term repercussions. While the amount of wear present under the pawl wheel was more than I would expect to see in such a young movement, the Magic Lever system remains only slightly modified from earlier designs, many examples of which have been observed to perform well for 10, 20 or more years without service. I think the amount of cosmetic wear is significant but I don't believe that it will adversely affect the longevity of the automatic system or movement overall.
Since publishing this review, I have come to better understand the action of the Magic Lever and how its dead angle relates to winding efficiency. In the discussion of the Magic Lever in the review, I said "The dead angle of the Magic Lever is slightly larger than in the 2892" but I now realize that is not exactly true. While most automatic systems have a dead angle that is more or less consistent regardless of the position of the rotor, the geometry of the eccentrically mounted Magic Lever results in a dead angle of varying size, depending on the position of the rotor.
In the 7S26, a gear on the underside of the rotor is coupled with a drive wheel. The Magic Lever is in turn driven by an eccentrically mounted post on the drive wheel from a point I have called the "pawl lever axis" in the diagram. The key to understanding the action of the Magic Lever lies in understanding that the "entrance pawl" and "exit pawl" both provide winding (or maintaining) action and slipping (or releasing) action, sometimes alternately and at other times together, depending on the position of the lever at the time.
Considering only the entrance pawl first, it can be seen that if the pawl axis is moving from A to B (in either the counterclockwise or clockwise direction), the entrance pawl will be pulling on the teeth of the pawl wheel and providing winding action. Conversely, if the pawl axis is moving from B to A, it is either slipping over the pawl wheel teeth or allowing it to recoil somewhat.
As regards the exit pawl, when the pawl axis is moving from D to C, it is providing winding action by pushing on the pawl wheel teeth and is slipping or allowing recoil when the pawl axis is moving from Cto D.
At first glance, it might seem that the range of motion of the pawl axis between A and C in the clockwise direction and between D and B in the counterclockwise direction would be the most productive portions of the motion of the drive wheel as the winding action of both pawls is being utilized. In fact though, since there is no slipping action, there is nothing to maintain the winding action if the direction of the drive wheel is reversed anywhere along that section of its rotation. This translates to a very large dead angle in the short portions of the drive wheel rotation between these four points. That is to say, if the Magic Lever wobbles back and forth in this region for a while, no winding action will be transferred to the mainspring.
Conversely though, the larger portion of the pawl axis' motion between these four points results in a very small dead angle. When the pawl axis is moving between A and D (in either direction) or between Band C (in either direction), the action of one pawl is complimented by the slipping action of the other, translating the maximum amount of winding action to the pawl wheel (keeping in mind that the pawl wheel teeth in the diagram are greatly exaggerated and are in actuality very fine).
The dead angle is at its smallest when the pawl axis is halfway between A and D or halfway between B and C (approximately where it is in the diagram). By attaching the rotor so that the minimum dead angle of the rotor corresponds to its natural, relaxed state in the crown down position, the winding efficiency is maximized. In this way, the normal movements of the arm (particularly in activites like walking, where the watch is crown down most of the time) will result in the greatest winding action.
While it is true that in certain rotor positions the dead angle is quite large, in other positions it is incredibly small (relative to other automatic systems). If the rotor is positioned properly when installed in the movement, the dead angle is minimized when the rotor is in the crown down position (approximately). This ensures that the minimum dead angle zone is capitalized on during wear (when the majority of the time is spent in the crown down position) to maximize winding efficiency. To assist the watchmaker in positioning the rotor correctly, there is a small hole in the drive wheel that lines up with a hole in the balance bridge when the rotor is in line with the crown. This capitalization on the idiosyncracies of the Magic Lever geometery likely accounts for the efficient winding action most Seiko wearers experience in actual use. Unfortunately for us it also makes it impossible to compare its efficiency with that of other automatic systems without exhaustive real world testing.
_john
January 1, 2003

---

qwe12345

翻译快出来:(

不下水的潜水表

我译题目：精工200米潜水表SKX779。楼下接力！

不下水的潜水表

[选一段短的]
7s26自动机芯是精工的入门级机械运动产品的一环。取代7002用在流行的潜水表上，它采用双历显示，通过精工的专利魔术杠杆系统自动双向上链，但缺乏手工上链的能力，这也成为亚洲入门级自动机芯的一个特点。我将拆解这个运动表是skx779，200米的潜水表。在新西兰和澳大利亚专卖的？

littlekan23

不下水的潜水表 发表于 2016-8-9 13:27
我译题目：精工200米潜水表SKX779。楼下接力！

已采用

精工村长

我的浏览器会自动翻译，

littlekan23

不下水的潜水表 发表于 2016-8-9 13:54
[选一段短的]
7s26自动机芯是精工的入门级机械运动产品的一环。取代7002用在流行的潜水表上，它采用双历显 ...

已采用谢谢

不下水的潜水表

浏览器不行，生硬，不符中文语法，专用词错误，“谷歌翻译的"已成笑语。

littlekan23

精工村长 发表于 2016-8-9 14:04
我的浏览器会自动翻译，

非人工翻译毕竟很多地方会不太正确，有些地方乱起来还看不懂，要不是民嫂不都白学了？？

不下水的潜水表

littlekan23 发表于 2016-8-9 14:16
非人工翻译毕竟很多地方会不太正确，有些地方乱起来还看不懂，要不是民嫂不都白学了？？

我觉得译文不必过谨，多看看网友的电影字幕，很多不错，有时还用中文特点的口语俚语，甚好！记得《黑鹰坠落》中美兵被气浪掀翻，爬起来拾起枪，呼“我靠~”奔去。。。一时莞尔。

littlekan23

不下水的潜水表 发表于 2016-8-9 14:26
我觉得译文不必过谨，多看看网友的电影字幕，很多不错，有时还用中文特点的口语俚语，甚好！记得《黑鹰坠 ...

严重同意老哥，这是我以前翻译的http://www.iwatch365.com/thread-17489007-1-1.html

kepingwoo

但是还是太廉价了！！！！！！！！

不下水的潜水表

如此长文，还须爱版协助！爱版，表现好点，你懂得。。。

cestdon

好慢，翻了500字，内容不堪入目啊，睡觉去，  

   

Justin陶

先留个痕迹，有时间细看

littlekan23

cestdon 发表于 2016-8-9 22:15
好慢，翻了500字，内容不堪入目啊，睡觉去，

哥，以你的专业知识，帮忙来一段啊

不下水的潜水表

最大上链效率的说法：按文中说法，是在手自然垂下，表把向下的位置，这个表把肯定是三点位置，在这个位置或者角度，上链效率是最大的，因为偏心轮的行程此时最大。但是问题是，谁摆动手臂的前后幅度是一样的？明显是向前摆幅大于向后摆幅，所以以此推论，自动陀垂直于2点位置肯定比三点位置为佳，当然必须是左手表！如果照顾左右手兼顾，那还是3点位吧，哈哈。

littlekan23

不下水的潜水表 发表于 2016-8-10 18:20
最大上链效率的说法：按文中说法，是在手自然垂下，表把向下的位置，这个表把肯定是三点位置，在这个位置或 ...

这是翻译？

梦世千年

给你加到置顶帖去了

不下水的潜水表

littlekan23 发表于 2016-8-10 18:41
这是翻译？

误会，不是译文，是我的议论，嘿嘿。